CREATIVITY OF STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND JOINT VENTURES

Ph.D. Branislav Djordjevic, Emeritus

Abstract
Any company that aspires to industry leadership in 21st century must think in terms of global, not domestic market leadership. The world economy is globalizing at an accelerating pace as countries previously closed to feregn companies open up their markets, as the Internet shrinks the importance of geographic distance, and as ambitious growth-minded companies race to build stronger competitive positions in the markets of more and more countries. This article focuses on strategy options for expanding beyond domestic boundaries and competing in the market of either a few or a great many countries. In the process of exploring these issues, we will introduce a number of correct concepts-multicountry competition, global competition, profit sanctuaries, and cross-market subsidization. The article includes section of market conditions; strategy options for entering and competing in foreign markets, the importance of locating operations in the most advantageous countries and so on.

Keywords:
consumer, organization, research, implication, environment, influence

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WAS MILTON HAMILTON A SOCIALIST? YES

Walter E. Block

Abstract
Milton Friedman was a socialist, because his publications and speeches meet the criterion for the definition of this word: government ownership or control over significant sectors of the economy particularly means of production, such as money, roads; and/or redistributionist schemes such as his negative income tax. This is a controversial claim. It is backed up by the evidence.

Keywords:
Milton Friedman, socialist, means of production, income redistribution

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SMALL BUSINESSES CREDITWORTHINESS ASSESSMENT

Ludmila Prigoda, Tatiana Paladova, Elena Malceva

Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of a choice of businesses’ creditworthiness estimation method, criteria of creditworthiness, defining the ways of its estimation based on a system of financial ratios (financial stability, cash flow analysis, business risk etc.)The main attention is paid to small businesses (SB) creditworthiness assessment and a choice of financial ratios, considering credit policy of a bank and operating conditions of SB. For an assessment of SB creditworthiness the authors single out five groups of ratios including liquidity rates, efficiency, financial leverage, profitability and debt servicing. Research of commercial banks experience allowed choosing business risk as an assessment of a client's credit worthiness. The authors focus attention on business risk factors; offer their grouping on stages of funds circulation and SB creditworthiness analysis procedure as follows: carrying out the general analysis of a business and its rating assessment - definition of a credit worthiness class.

Keywords:
credit worthiness, solvency, financial stability, credit worthiness criteria, business risk factors, scoring credit worthiness assessment, rating assessment

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MULTIFACTORIAL TESTING OF ROLLER BEARING RELIABILITY

Živan Arsenić

Abstract
This paper describes one model of the method of accelerated multi-factorial testing of roller bearing reliability, that represents the result of many years of work and research of the authors in the field of technical system effectiveness, and that treats, from the theoretical point of view, a completely new method of multi-factorial reliability testing, which the broader scientific and expert circles are not yet familiar with. The method of accelerated multi-factorial testing of roller bearing reliability, treated by this work, contains significant advantages with respect to all other methods of reliability testing, which have been used so far in the engineering reliability testing practice in the world.

Keywords:
reliability, multifactorial testing, roller bearing, effectiveness

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REDUCTION OF EMPLOYMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF MANAGEMENT IN AN ORGAZNIZATION - CASE STUDY

Janusz Tomaszewski

Abstract
The subject matter of the article was adopted considering the problems of labour market in Poland. One of them is employment reduction. The main objective of this paper is to show the negative impact of excessive redundancies on employment fluctuation in a transport - forwarding company "XYZ". The paper consists of three basic parts. First one is devoted to the issue of employment fluctuations. It defines the notion of staff mobility and discusses problems referring to the nature of staff turnover. Factors determining the phenomenon are defined. The second part presents problems connected with dismissals of employees. Based on literature, it indicates the significance of derecruitment and instances legal aspects of redundancies. In the third empirical part the focus is on presenting a tansport-forwarding company ‘XYZ’. The company represents the category of small and medium-sized enetrprises, that constitute the basis of all modern European economies. In the case of Poland, they generate nearly 80% of GDP. The methods used are documents analysis and comparison over time. In this part the author summarizes the results of documents analysis concerning derecruitment of employees in the years 2007-2011. The issues are considered from the employer’s perspective. The subject matter is still current because of the dynamic changes taking place in the labour market, in terms of macroeconomics.

Keywords:
management, workforce, human recources, redundancies, fluctuation

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SUPPORTING GREEN BUSINESS IN EUROPE: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS

Bohdana Stepanenko-Lypovyk

Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of European countries financial policy in supporting green business development. Special attention is paidto definition of the role of the state in maintenance of environmental goods and services market growth, that envisaged analysis of the main directions of environmental taxation, environmental expenditures and other environmental policy instruments. The carried out research enabled to determine countries, which invest the most financial resources in the improvement of the environment that assists to create better living conditions for the society. Also shown the economic expediency of green business development that helped to make the conclusion that this activity has sufficiently high profitability and creates a significant contribution to development of national economies.

Keywords:
green business, environmental goods, environmental services, environmental taxes, environmental expenditures, public-private partnership

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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITS ECONOMY

Jozef Klučka

Abstract
Globalization, increasing independence and complexity, new technologies and climate change create approach to security based on the concept of critical infrastructure. Concept of critical infrastructure is based on the basic precondition – the State should (is obliged) to fulfill vital State functions (political, economic and social) for its inhabitants. The paper deals with the role and objectives of critical infrastructure, the consequences of disasters and the possibility of their quantification. Definitions of critical infrastructure are provided (different approaches – USA, EU, Slovak republic - Act Nr. 45/2011) and expressed types of failure significant for any critical infrastructure. There are classified key drivers relevant for critical infrastructure in the Slovak republic. Within the paper is described the example explaining the concept quantification of losses. The terms like average annual loss and exceedance probability are explained. At the end of the paper the forthcoming financial mechanism is mentioned. This mechanism is also connected to financing of the critical infrastructure of European Union (EU) member states. In the paper are expressed objectives concerning EU Internal Security Strategy. Under consideration is the Fund for interior security in EU for years 2014-2020 to support the Strategy. The financial conditions of the Fund are briefly described in the paper.

Keywords:
critical infrastructure, catastrophe, economic impact, quantification of losses

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FOCUS ON INNOVATION AND EDUCATION AS A PREREQUISITE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Katarína Stachová

Abstract
Basic precondition for organisations wanting to ensure sustainable development is constant development of their human potential, which represents the ability of organisations to generate new ideas, subsequently put into innovations, while they are also able to ensure the key part which is the implementation of these innovations itself. Deliberate creation and usage of human potential is a precondition of building and development of strengths and competitive advantages of organisations. If organisations want to be “innovative” they should have several characteristic features. In our contribution, we focused on two of them – binding engagement of company management in innovations and creation of so called learning organisation environment. In the questionnaire survey conducted at the School of Economics and Management in Public Administration in Bratislava, we focused on finding out whether and in what extent the given characteristics are dealt with by organisations operating in Slovakia. Analysis of 340 organisations implies that organisations realize direct impact of intensity of innovation and education of employees on their sustainable development at the theoretical level, however, their practical focus on individual characteristics is insufficient. Due to the given reason, we recommended a set of questions with a variety of closed answers on the basis of which organisations are able to find out, using summary tables, where their bottlenecks are.

Keywords:
innovative organisation, learning organisation, present state analysis, human resources management

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MEDICAL PROVISION OF CRISES SITUATIONS SOLVING

Eva Sventeková, Zdenek Dvorak

Abstract
Logistic activities in resolving crisis situations caused by occurrence of the emergency event create an effectively operating system of tasks and measures with the goal of protecting life, health and property. Fulfilment of individual logistic activities and the rate of their fulfilment depends on the extent of crisis situation, its nature and on the time it occurred. This contribution deals with medical provision of crises situations solving as an important part of crisis management in Slovak Republic.

Keywords:
medical provision, evacuation, veterinary provision, professional medical assistance

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SITUATIONAL APPROACHES TO LEADING PEOPLE IN THE FIRE SERVICES

Maria Hudakova, Jozef Svetlik

Abstract
Current knowledge about the management of people is a result of long-term observation of the proceedings and behaviours of people in leadership, as well as in subordinate positions. There are different views on the way and methods of on which the different styles of leadership are defined. The paper provides an analysis of leadership approaches, which shows that the leaders in the fire service have the most effective situational approach. This approach is strongly influenced by the leadership situation in which the manager operates. Therefore, its behavior has changed to satisfy the requirements of the situation. The mission of leader should be to develop mature team members to be able to effectively achieve organizational goals. In connection with the need to apply situational leadership approach is necessary to provide primarily personal qualities leading to significantly contribute to the ability to influence others head. It is actually a set of subjective factors that make up a qualification leading to fire departments and other prerequisites for the implementation of the tasks.

Keywords:
crisis manager, people management, crisis situation, the commander of the intervention, fire unit

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THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS CLASIFICATION ACCORDING TO THEIR LOCUS NASCENDI FACTORS

Yurij Stadnickij, Viktoriya Voytsekhovska, Anastasia Simak, Yuliya Stadnicka

Abstract
The paper presents the economic benefits classification depending on their production factors placement. The feasibility study is made for the existence of four groups and several subgroups of economic benefits, dominated by one "Siamese" pair has been developed. The classification of economic benefits depending on their place of production factors is made, that will help to improve the quality and efficiency of decision making on the choice of the optimal production placement.

Keywords:
economic benefits classification, production factors, possible production placement, investments

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RISK MANAGEMENT IN AIR TRANSPORT AND INSURANCE

Viera Kysel'ova

Abstract
Air transport inherently represents one of the most important and dynamic sector of the economy. As an important economic entity it is a key factor in the development of modern society, it is a mean of economic development and it creates one of the largest sphere of the economy. With its character it is significantly involved in ensuring sustainable development of mobility, economic growth and integration of new Member States into the European structures. Qualitative and quantitative criteria of each method of transport vary in speed, comfort, economical aspect and especially in safety. Based on selected statistical indicators, air transport is the safest method of transport and according to these criteria it maintains leading position. The occurrence of aircraft accidents is in comparison with other methods much lower, but the consequences of accidents in air transport are often, for the crew of the aircraft and passengers, fatal. Air accidents cause injuries, fatalities, property damage and damage to third parties. The growth potential of air transport is not exhausted. Competition is increasing, there is a boom in airlines, terms of service providing are changing within every individual airline leading to an expansion of the risks and their subsequent elimination. In this paper author focuses on risk management in civil air transport and the possibility of eliminating financial impact of risks by means of insurance.

Keywords:
Air transport, air transport safety, risk, risk management, insurance

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MEASUREMENT OF ACCOUNTING HARMONIZATION AND STANDARDIZATION

Ivo Mijoč, Dubravka Pekanov Starčević

Abstract
Air transport inherently represents one of the most important and dynamic sector of the economy. As an important economic entity it is a key factor in the development of modern society, it is a mean of economic development and it creates one of the largest sphere of the economy. With its character it is significantly involved in ensuring sustainable development of mobility, economic growth and integration of new Member States into the European structures. Qualitative and quantitative criteria of each method of transport vary in speed, comfort, economical aspect and especially in safety. Based on selected statistical indicators, air transport is the safest method of transport and according to these criteria it maintains leading position. The occurrence of aircraft accidents is in comparison with other methods much lower, but the consequences of accidents in air transport are often, for the crew of the aircraft and passengers, fatal. Air accidents cause injuries, fatalities, property damage and damage to third parties. The growth potential of air transport is not exhausted. Competition is increasing, there is a boom in airlines, terms of service providing are changing within every individual airline leading to an expansion of the risks and their subsequent elimination. In this paper author focuses on risk management in civil air transport and the possibility of eliminating financial impact of risks by means of insurance.

Keywords:
harmonization, standardization, accounting practices, generally accepted indices (C, H, I)

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FORMS AND METHODS OF TECHNOLOGIES TRANSFER ADJUSTING IN UKRAINE

Manylich Mychailo Ivanovich, Likholet Sergei Ilyich

Abstract
The paper dwells on basic forms and methods of government control of technologies transfer in Ukraine have been generalized: organizational forms are branches, joint ventures, "turn-key" business, technological universities, partnership, research alliances; economic forms are licensing, sale of intellectual property, including patents and trade secrets, franchising, contract researches. The following basic methods of technologies transfer in Ukraine have been exposed: forsite, technological prognostication with use of Delfi-method, method of critical technologies, development of scenarios, travelling flowsheet, technological corridor and forming of expert panels. The list of normative legal acts of Ukraine concerning government control of technologies transfer in Ukraine has been given.

Keywords:
technologies transfer, form, methods, institutional providing, joint ventures, partnership, franchising, Delfi-method

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